Suchergebnisse

Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is presently a Eurasian politico-economic bloc having two South Asian members, Pakistan and India. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prospective role of Pakistan in the SCO with qualitative study based on interviews. On June 2017, Pakistan was granted permanent membership in the SCO during its 16th Heads of State Summit in Astana. By associating itself as a permanent member, summit allows Pakistan to contribute to regional development alongside other key regional players, Russia and China and India. The study gave four findings that how multilateralism was having a calming effect on a regional conflict, Pakistan embracing independence from isolation through Trans-Afghanistan gas pipeline. Through CPEC, Pakistan was offering the SCO member countries an economic hallway. And how the Eurasian politico-economic ambitions to reach the warm waters of the Arabian Sea was perceived as hampering the Western economic interests, thereby offering a major impediment to Pakistan's emerging role in the SCO. Moreover, SCO participation will help enhance Pakistan's worldwide socio-economic objectives. This study examines the socio-politico and economic aspirations of Pakistan and benefit due to ties with SCO member countries.

Violence in general but religion-based violence, in particular, has been an unsettling, however ubiquitous, feature of Pakistani society. While there are economic, social, ideological, and psychological causes for why individuals engage in various acts of violence, particularly those against minority and marginalized groups are usually systemic. That is to say that either the system actively perpetuates it or passively observes it as it happens without doing anything to stop it. In Pakistan, religious violence is a result of both active perpetuations through discriminatory laws like blasphemy and or the prejudiced school curriculum and passive observation. Furthermore, in a larger context, all of this can be attributed to myopic state policies which sought to unify the nation by using Islam as a political tool to break ethnic strongholds. As it turns out, this policy has been disastrous for minority and marginalized groups. This paper seeks to understand the dynamics of religious violence in Pakistan to explain the twin attacks on Youhanabad Church in 2015. Furthermore, it undertakes a qualitative study i.e., conducting interviews with the victims of the 2015 church attack, to get insight into their feelings and how they are dealing with different emotional and economic effects of the tragedy.

Due to COVID-19, the government of Pakistan had to take measures to bring about changes in almost all infrastructures, including that of education and decided to switch to a virtual learning environment and urged all educational institutes to adopt virtual learning strategies to facilitate student learning process. In an attempting to contain the virus instructed educational institutes to explore virtual space to continue learning process. The University of Lahore was one of the few universities in Pakistan that took the lead and decided to serve the learning purpose. However, due to cultural differences and dependency on traditional learning, most universities found it difficult to follow suit. The University of Lahore has crossed a milestone and emerged as a model for other universities across country. The virtual learning strategies that have been adopted by the University are no less than international standards and the administration have been working tirelessly to ensure the smooth running of this digital education system. Based on the student survey and faculty interviews, this study recommends regular virtual trainings by educational institutes and to overcome the issues of internet connectivity and electricity in the country as a whole to better deal with the challenges that lie ahead.